Though my trust be in the mercy of goodness of God, I deplore my sins. However, in 1689 Sambhaji was captured and executed by the Mughals on various charges, including rape and murder. They were not allowed to attend Muslim Madaras and Maqtabs. Rajput Policy of Aurangzeb. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. After becoming the emperor, Aurangzeb ended the main objections (local taxes), for the purpose of reducing the financial problems of the public, internal interest and personal finance (commercial fines). According to Elliot, the object of reimposing the Jaziya or poll tax “was to curb the infidels and to distinguish the land of the faithful from an infidel land.” Manucci however, holds that the object of the tax was two-fold; first to fill up his treasury which had begun to shrink on account of expenditure on his various military campaigns; secondly to force the Hindus to embrace Islam. 1. , again on 5 June 1659 AD. The following is a series of illustrations from the book "The Last of the Peshwas" by Michael Macmillan. In Ibrahim Adilshah II, he had joined Bijapur. Getting jobs after conversion also became easier. He hailed the Maratha army's might, stating that, "The arms, horses, and equipments of this force were in such excellent order, that no one of the royal or Hindustani armies had ever reached so high state of discipline!" They had acted as pillars of support, but Aurangzeb’s policy turned them to bitter foes. For the Hindus the only way to escape from the payment of various taxes like pilgrim tax, trade tax, Jizya, etc. This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. To adopt anti-Hindu measures. About the letters Dr. V. Smith says that “The sternest critic of the character and deeds of Aurangzeb can hardly refuse to recognise the pathos of these lamentations or to feel some sympathy for the old man on his lonely death-bed.”, “My years have gone by profitless. Jai Singh defeated him on June 22, 1665. also helped the rise of the Maratha power. All sorts of promises were made to the converted. But then he disturbed Mughal-Rajput relationship by unnecessarily interfering in affairs of Marwar and Mewar. After the death of Shambhaji, the struggle continued with the Mughals of the Marathas under the leadership of his half brother Rajaram, who is famous for the freedom struggle in Maratha history. Yet he chose this course, and adhered to this with unbending resolve through close on fifty years of unchallenged sovereignty.”, Dr. S.R. Aurangzeb also felt that the existence of these states enabled the Marathas to enrich themselves. Over 70 Maratha sardars actually assembled to receive Shahu. Whatever I look I see only God. Ultimately all these contributed to the downfall of the Mughal enterprise. Total Views : 5,797. Total Videos : 79 M.G. (1) Religious Policy of Aurangzeb: The most important cause of the downfall of the Mughal Empire was the religious policy of Aurangzeb. There is simply no comparison between Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and Delhi Sultan Muhammad Bin Tughlaq (“Man of Ideas”) the two were totally different. One night Shivaji entered Shaista’s camp with his men dressed in the guise of a marriage party. It is a historical fictional novel. When I have lost hope in myself, how can I hope in others? This victory greatly enhanced the prestige of the Maratha chief. Aurangzeb in 1665 AD In the first instance, King Jaysingh (Jaipur) sent to repel. Holi and Diwali festivals were allowed to be celebrated with certain restrictions. But despite the eight-month gap, the Mughals did not get any success.In the end, Aurangzeb lured an Afghan named Abdullagani and joined him and betrayed his master and opened the gate of the fort. These letters also indicate that he himself considered himself a failure as a ruler. 1663 AD In Shivaji, secretly attacked the castle of Shaista Khan at Poona in night. In the twelfth year of his rule, he ordered the demolition of all important and famous temples within his empire. The most famous of the temples destroyed were those of Keshva (Krishan Janmabhoomi) in Mathura, Vishwanath in Varanasi and Somnath in Kathiawar. Aurangzeb relied on the friendship of Rajput and this was clear when he appointed Maharaja Jaisingh to handle with Shivaji in Deccan. Question 9. In Mewar alone, he is said to have demolished 240 temples. Haig draws the picture of the religious policy of Aurangzeb in the following words: “Aurangzeb was a bigot to whom the religion of the great majority of his subjects was anathema, mischief, idolatry, which it was his duty before heaven to persecute and if possible to stamp out. Since several sections of the Hindu society which formed the majority of his subjects did not want to be ruled by him, they revolted. Aurangzeb’s religious policy was largely based on his analysis of the first half of Aurangzeb’s reign, which in his opinion was climaxed by the rein position of Jizyah (poll tax). In accordance with this policy in 1723 he made an incursion into Malwa, collected chauth, which deeply hurt the Mughal Empire. The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was a power that dominated a large portion of the Indian subcontinent in the 18th century. The Deccan Policy of Aurangzeb: Right from the time of Akbar, the Mughal emperors were following the Deccan policy traditionally. Results of the religious policy of Aurangzeb: The religious fanaticism of Aurangzeb overshadowed his virtues. They state that this policy was the outcome of his political and economic considerations. As these people were very strong and courageous and they also did not accept the overlordship of the ruler. The extension of the empire was also one of the purposes of Aurangzeb. It is generally accepted that Aurangzeb was a fanatic Sunni Mussalman. I grieve for your helplessness. I am sourly troubled; May the peace of God be upon you.”, Indian History, Mughal Emperors, Aurangzeb, Religious Policy, Religious Policy of Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb wanted to end the independent existence of the states of the South, because it was impossible to eliminate the power of the Marathas without ending their existence. May 18, 1637 AD Aurangzeb was married to Princess Dilrass Bano Begum (Rabiya Bibi) of the Persian monarchy. Later on Muslim traders were totally exempted from the payment of this tax. He imposed Jajiya on all the Hindus in the country. Farewell! Shivaji's father Shahji had served as an officer in the kingdom of Bijapur that Shivaji now claimed as Maratha land. What were the objectives of Aurangzeb’s Deccan policy? The Maratha campaign continually drained … Then it started when Shivaji attacked Ahmednagar and, Aurangzeb in 1660 AD In the south of Mughal subedar. Sikandar Adilshah died in a short life of 32 years. Stress the evolution of Mughal Deccan policy from Akbar to Aurangzeb. sikarsuman@gmail.com Aurangzeb’s predecessors, especially Akbar had appointed a large number of Hindus in the various departments, but Aurangzeb followed the policy of removal of the Hindus from these jobs. Aurangzeb wanted to have demolished 240 temples failing, Aurangzeb cancelled the arrangements at the sites of temples..., trade tax, Jizya, etc became the Peshwa he reimposed jizyah... Empire by enlisting support of the Mughals, Shivaji ’ s camp his... 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