Ahmed Shah, Emperor, 1748 The Rohillas mber of the Armed Forces Tribunal with the status of a high court judge till December 2013. First Invasion: (March 1748) The first invasion took place through Punjab. Ahmad Shah Abdali was also known as Ahmed Shah Durrani or Ahmad Shah Abdali Durr-i-Durrani. Simultaneously, he had to battle Sher Shah Suri in Bihar and the Sultan of Gujarat in Malwa. While on the way to Delhi, his army was stopped at Sirhind where Muin-ul-Mulk alias "Mir Mannu" continued the battle. In 1749, Ala Singh defeated and repulsed Farid Khan, a Rajput chieftain, who had sought the help of the imperial governor of Sirhind and stopped the construction by him of a fort at … Ahmad Shah Abdali quickly routed Shah Nawaz and captured Lahore in January 1948. On hearing about the capture of his beghams, Qamar-ud-din hastened back, and on the 11th March, 1748, the two armies clashed in battle at Manudur. As I pass through 10 to 12 villages, my military mind correlates them with the battles waged over the centuries for Sirhind. Sikandar Shah Suri was occupied with his struggle against Ibrahim Shah Suri when Humayun mobilized an army from Kabul.He captured Rohtas Fort and Lahore in … Sikandar was defeated by the Mughal army and was compelled to retreat to the Shivalik Hills in northern Punjab. The mausoleum of this … In the battle, the artillery store of Ahmad Shah Durrani caught fire which roasted thousands of Durrani soldiers alive. Sikandar Shah Suri sent a force of 30,000 under Naseeb Khan and Tartar Khan to intercept the Mughal force at the Machhiwara ford on the Sutlej but it was defeated, paving the way for Sirhind. The invite was straight forward- “Crown to Ahmad Shah and wazirship to Shah Nawaz.” However, once Abdali came, Shah Nawaz again advised by Adina Beg, decided to contest him with the hope of securing for himself the area upto the Indus, including Kashmir. My daily cycle ride of 30-35 km is done on various routes around Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib, where the impregnable fort of Sirhind, built by Feroz Shah Tughlaq in 1360, once stood. He had come to India under Nadir Shah in 1737 and had set his eyes on the riches of India when he got an ‘invite’ to invade from the Mughal governor of Lahore. In the battle fought on 11 March 1748, near Manupur, 15 km northwest of Sirhind, between the Mughals and Ahmad Shah Durrani, Ala Singh sided with the former. Sikandar Shah Suri led an army of 80,000 and engaged the Mughals at Sirhind on June 22, 1555. Sher Shah Suri died in 1545 and his successor Islam Shah Suri died in 1554. This was the last hurrah of the once great Mughal Army. For reprint rights: Times Syndication Service, Sun, Dec 27, 2020 | UPDATED 06:51 AM IST. The invitation to Abdali was given by Shah Nawaz, the Governor of Lahore on the advice of the mercurial Adina Beg, Governor of Bisht Doab at Jullundur. In March 1748, Sirhind was seized, but only temporarily, byAhmad Shah Durrani, the Afghan general of Nadir Shah who succeeded his master in the possession of the eastern part of his dominions. It was the decaying Mughal power’s last stand and the players on both sides were extraordinary in their own ways. He was, however, outmaneuvered by Ahmad Shah and brought to decisive battle at Panipat in unfavourable conditions. The battle was fought at Manupur village, 8 km east of Sirhind in March 1748. The credit goes to Mir Manu. ... the Bhao Sahib, with a formidable armament. Mohammad Shah was unable to capture back his states but managed to rule till 1748. The invaders required Sirhind as a base to advance and capture Delhi. The invitation to Abdali was given by Shah Nawaz, the Governor of Lahore on the advice of the mercurial Adina Beg, Governor of Bisht Doab at Jullundur. 146-47; Ali-ud-Din Mufti, Ibratnama, (NP), 1854, MS., (Translated into Punjabi by Gurbakhsh Singh), … Ahmad Shah Durrani raided India eight times between 1748 and 1767. ... MORE. The city and fort of Panipat was behind the Maratha army and the Afghans stood on the road towards Delhi. Nader destroyed everything that was left of the empire. During Mughal times, the Sirhind Sarkar controlled 28 Parganas, covering the entire territory of the Yamuna-Sutlej Doab, 350 km by 250 km. When Harimandar, the Sikh temple at Amritsar was rebuilt, after it had been destroyed by Abdali, its foundation was laid by Nawab Kapur Singh, on 17 Novomber1763. It was the decaying Mughal power’s last stand and the players on both sides were extraordinary in their own ways. KauraMal, who was called Mitha Mai, assisted him in his task. The Mughal Emperor was Muhammad Shah ‘Sada Rangila’ ( his pen name) who had surrendered the people and the treasury of Delhi to Nadir Shah. According to yet another version Jalandhar is said to have derived its name from the vernacular term Jalandhar means area inside the water, i.e. During the Battle of Manipur (1748), [3] in Sirhind by the river Sutlej both forces fought a decisive battle and Prince Ahmad was nominally victorious, he was thereupon conferred with the title Bahadur, after a Durrani wagon filled with gunpowder exploded. Ahmad Shah Abdali Invaded India During Which Mughal Emperor: Jassa Singh Ahluwalia sustained 22 wounds on his chest. The first battle of Panipat, 1526, when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi, laid the foundation of the Mughal Empire. it was accompanied with a lot of bloodshed. The history of Sirhind goes back to pre-BC times, but its heydays were from 1,000 AD to 1,764 AD when it was finally razed to the ground by the Khalsa Army. After Nadir Shah’s death, he was unanimously elected leader of the Pashtun country and established the first independent state of Afghanistan. It was a centre of education, trade and commerce and the town had a diameter of 3 kos (approximately 10 km). In 1764, he, along with other Sikh sardars , marched to Sirhind. Muhammad Shah Rangila displayed immense courage and decided to contest Ahmad Shah at Sirhind. He and Wali Ahad Ahmed and Mehmaun’s army governor of Punjab confronted Abdali in March 1748, a battle was fought between the two armies near Sirhind in which Ahmed Shah Abdali was defeated and he had to return to Afghanistan. After his death, the Suri empire was weakened by a civil war, where various contenders to the throne fought each other for supremacy. He was defeated by Sher Shah Suri in 1540 and chased out of India to Persia. Humayun and Bairam Khan carried out a daring raid in a rainstorm like Sher Shah Suri had done at the Battle of Chausa to defeat Humayun. Just drop in a mail at toiblogs@timesinternet.in with a brief bio and we will get in touch with you. He captured Rohtas Fort and Lahore in February 1555. The battle of Sirhind was the last expiring effort of the dynasty of the Moguls, and the last event in the life of Mahomed Shah, who died a month after, in April, 1748, after an inglorious reign of twenty-eight years. The same year, he was to lose the throne to Humayun. We will be happy to have you on board as a blogger, if you have the knack for writing. He gathered more forces on the way as the vanquished joined him. Disintegration of the Empire Muhammad Shah died in 1748, a few weeks after this last victory. In 1555, the throne changed hands twice. Abdali crossed Indur, Jhelum and invaded Punjab in 1748. Humayun succeeded Babur in 1530 but was immediately involved in a war of succession with his brothers. After Nadir Shah’s death, he was unanimously elected leader of the Pashtun country and established the first independent state of Afghanistan. Assisted by the Safavids, he assembled an army and first captured Kabul, which was held by his brother Kamran before setting his eyes on Delhi. By continuing to browse this Website, you consent to the use of these cookies. It was a centre of education, trade and commerce and the town had a diameter of 3 kos (approximately 10 km). He proceeded towards Sirhind via Machhiwara. Nadir Shah captured Delhi and most of north India. But Ahmad Shah Durrani was defeated by the Mughal rulers of Delhi who reoccupied the town, although the invader reconquerred it during his fourth invasion during 1756-57. Yes he did come to India two more times: * Sixth Invasion - 1762 to 1763 * Seventh Invasion - 1764 to 1767. When Harmandir Sahib, the Sikh temple at Amritsar was rebuilt, after it had been destroyed by Abdali, its foundation was laid by Nawab Kapur Singh, on 17 November1763. Humayun mobilised an army from Kabul and invaded Punjab with only 15,000 horses. My daily cycle ride of 30-35 km is done on various routes around Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib, where the impregnable fort of Sirhind, built by Feroz Shah Tughlaq in 1360, once stood. ... MORE. On 22 June 1555, Humayun decisively defeated Sikandar Shah Suri at the Battle of Sirhind and reestablished the Mughal empire.The city reached the zenith of its glory under the Mughal Empire in the seventeenth century. This was the last victory the Mughals were to win against a foreign invader. The invaders required Sirhind as a base to advance and capture Delhi. Copyright © 2020 Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. All rights reserved. After the death of Persian Emperor Nadir Shah, General Ahmad Shah Durrani seized Persian Afghanistan and launched the first invasion of India. Ahmad Shah Abdali carried out his first invasion of the Subcontinent in 1748. This battle was called Vadda Ghallughara (the great Holocaust). [3] He first attacked India in 1748 for its wealth but was defeated at Manupur near Sirhind by an … Prince Ahmad Shah and Muin-ul-Mulk aka Mir Mannu, the son of Wazir Qamaruddin fought bravely. According to another legend, Jalandhar was the capital of the kingdom of lav, son of Rama. After the death of Islam Shah Suri, the Suri Empire was in a civil war where various contenders to the throne fought each other for supremacy. As per some historians, it was constructed by Ghiyas ud din Balban 100 years ago. 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